SJP84-5180

Apple

Variety Description

Varieties used for comparison: 'Malling 26' and 'Malling 9'

Summary: 'SJP84-5180' is an apple rootstock variety with wavy basal shoots while those of the reference varieties are straight.'SJP84-5180' has sparse pubescence on the upper half of the dormant one-year old shoots, whereas both 'Malling 26' and 'Malling 9' have very dense pubescence. 'SJP84-5180' has weakly shiny bark, whereas 'Malling 9' has strongly shiny bark. The leaves of 'SJP84-5180' have sparse to medium pubescence on the lower side, whereas 'Malling 26' has dense pubescence. Self rooted trees of 'SJP84-5180' produce very small fruit, compared to those of 'Malling 26' which are medium in size. 'SJP84-5180' fruit are ellipsoid in shape with a very shallow or no eye basin and yellow ground colour, whereas 'Malling 26' fruit are flat in shape, have a medium to deep eye basin and a green-yellow ground colour.

Description:

TREE: low to very high suckering tendency, poor root anchorage, dwarfing

BASAL SHOOTS IN STOOL BED: intermediate vigour, medium number, wavy

ONE-YEAR OLD SHOOT: sparse pubescence on upper half, weak shine on bark, weak flexibility,few lenticels, lenticels small to medium in size, reddish brown colour on sunny side
LATERAL BUD: small to medium size, pointed tip, adpressed to slightly held out relative to axis, medium sized bud support
GROWING TIP: white

SHOOT TIP LEAVES: concave to straight in cross section, very sparse pubescence on upper side, green on lower side
LEAVES: medium to dark green, no lobing, small size, oriented outwards to downwards, acuminate apex, serrate margin, weak to medium glossiness on upper side, sparse to medium pubescence on lower side, weak anthocyanin on veins, no (or very weak) anthocyanin colouration on upper side
STIPULES: small to medium size

FLOWER BUD: medium pink (in full balloon stage)
FLOWERS: single, pedicel green
PETALS: white with slight pink blush, circular to ovate in shape, overlapping margins

FRUIT: very small, ellipsoid shape, symmetric in side view, medium ribbing, weak crowning at distal end, small to medium eye, eye closed, persistent calyx, medium to long sepals, sepals overlapping at base, absent to very shallow eye basin
FRUIT STALK: thin, very long, narrow and shallow stalk cavity
FRUIT SURFACE: smooth, weak bloom, weak waxiness, yellow ground colour, very low amount of pink overcolour, overcolour is a blush, low to medium amount of russet around stalk cavity, lenticels medium size and slightly prominent
FRUIT IN CROSS SECTION: cream coloured flesh, weak core line, variable open and closed locules

SEED: brown at maturity, conical shape

REACTION TO INSECTS: Resistant to woolly apple aphid (Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann)
REACTION TO DISEASES: Resistant to scab (Venturia inaequalis (Cooke) Winter)

Origin & Breeding History: 'SJP84-5180' originated from a cross between 'Robusta 5' and 'Malling 27', made in 1975 at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, St-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec. The selection criteria and evaluation since 1975 for the variety has been on the basis of vigour, winter hardiness, disease resistance, dwarfing effect and the effect on the tree branch structure.

Tests & Trials: Tests and trials for 'SJP84-5180' were conducted at the L'Acadie Research Sub Station of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, St-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec. The trial included 3 to 4 root stocks of each variety and 4 self rooted trees of each variety. The stoolbed was planted in 2003 and self rooted trees of the varieties were planted in an orchard in 1999 and allowed to develop into fruiting trees. Measurements and observations were recorded in 2005. Measured characteristics were based on 10 measurements.

Comparison tables for 'SJP84-5180' with reference varieties 'Malling 26' and 'Malling 9'

Dormant one-year old shoots: thickness (mm)

Dormant one-year old shoot: length of internode (mm) (at middle third of shoots)

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Apple: 'SJP84-5180'

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Apple: Reference variety 'Malling 9'

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Apple: Reference variety 'Malling 26'